Toyota RAV4 PHEV (plug-in hybrid): Living with it
Toyota South Africa Motors (TSAM) is thinking about introducing the RAV4 PHEV (plug-in hybrid) in our market. Ciro De Siena reviews a TSAM evaluation unit and contributor Ian McLaren reports about his extended time behind its ‘wheel.
As each of the world’s established (legacy) car manufacturers grapple with how best to sell the idea of all-electric motoring to their respective customer bases, several brands (especially those that hail from Germany) appear mandated to adopt a “rip off the Band-Aid” approach by boldly announcing respective cut-off dates for when each will no longer sell models powered by internal-combustion engines.
Toyota – a champion of hybrid technology since the introduction of the Prius in 1997 – has adopted a New Energy Vehicle (TNEV) strategy that is notable for the fact that it includes various “electrified” (as opposed to all-electric) offerings, which are aimed to ease the transition to a “zero-emissions future”.
That um, hybrid approach allows Toyota’s ever-popular RAV4 medium SUV to be powered by an internal-combustion-engine drivetrain, a petrol-electric hybrid setup (like that of the RAV4 2.5 Hybrid E-Four) or, indeed, a plug-in hybrid system that ostensibly offers the best-of-both-worlds driving experience. Ahead of the anticipated introduction of the Aichi-based firm’s first all-electric model (the bZ4X) in 2023, TSAM is investigating the viability of expanding its RAV4 line-up through the introduction of a PHEV derivative.
These days, I review hybrid and all-electric cars very often, so here’s what I thought of the RAV4 PHEV…
FAST FACTS
- Model: Toyota RAV4 2.5 Plug-in Hybrid E-Four
- Price: N/A
- Powertrain: 2.5-litre 4-cylinder petrol engine plus 2 electric motors
- Power/Torque: 225 kW (total system output)/227 Nm+e
- Transmission: e-continuously variable transmission (e-CVT)
- Fuel consumption: 4.55 L/100 km (source: Toyota Global)
- Luggage/Utility space: 580 litres
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How the RAV4 PHEV is packaged
The RAV4 PHEV is based on the brand’s comprehensive GX-R specification and its most distinguishable exterior upgrade (compared with other derivatives in the range) is a set of striking 19-inch alloy wheels.
In its 5th generation, Toyota’s top-selling model across the globe has grown from its plucky beginnings to have notable kerb appeal (the medium SUV measures 4 600 mm in overall length), which is allied with an impressively versatile (and broadly comfortable) interior, including 580 litres worth of luggage space.
I’ve grown to loathe piano-black exterior bits on a vehicle and, as I feared, the application of this material on the rear bumper of a family-focused SUV proved troublesome. Within the first week that the RAV4 was in my custody, I managed to scratch the black trim while loading up one of my children’s bicycles.
How the RAV4 PHEV’s drivetrain performs
If you navigate through the RAV4’s comprehensive infotainment menu to the colourful screen that shows the dynamic workings of the PHEV drivetrain, it becomes evident: there is, indeed, a lot going on here.
In its default setting, unlike the RAV4 2.5 Hybrid and its Prius, Corolla- and Corolla Cross Hybrid siblings, the PHEV setup favours electric mobility; it will rely on the efforts of its 2.5-litre 4-cylinder petrol engine only once there is no longer enough battery charge available for the motors to sustain the SUV’s speed.
Featuring an 18.1 kWh battery (positioned below the passenger compartment), the RAV4 PHEV is said to offer “up to 80 km” of all-electric driving range via a pair of electric motors (when this component is fully charged). There is a motor on each axle; the front one produces 134 kW/270 Nm and rear 40 kW/121 Nm.
For the record, that’s comfortably more than the average distance that most South African motorists drive on a weekday (statistically, no more than 30 km). That means that a diligent owner could, in theory, rely solely on electric mobility during their daily commute with “spare charge” left over for the school run and a trip to the shops. By diligent, I mean someone with (sufficient) electricity to recharge the RAV4…
When using my 7.4 kW (single phase) wall plug at home, I was able to charge the RAV4 PHEV’s battery to full capacity, after a typical day’s driving, in just under 3 hours. So, no, it does not have to take all night.
As for the lifestyle change it requires, apart from plugging in the Toyota once you’ve parked in your garage (or near a suitable power outlet), it’s not unlike charging your smartphone when you turn in for the night. Plugging the car into a standard household plug at bedtime (to receive an overnight charge) will also work. When the hybrid battery’s virtually depleted, a complete recharge will take up to 8 hours to complete and it will be billed at the current per-kWh rate for electricity flowing into your home.
How cost-effective is it to operate RAV4 PHEV?
At an average of R2.00/kWh – and assuming the battery was depleted by the time I arrived home (more about this a little later) – it cost me R36 to gain an indicated 75 km of available EV range by morning.
As in the Prius (and the already locally available RAV4 2.5 Hybrid E-Four), the battery pack in the RAV4 PHEV (plug-in hybrid) can be recharged “on the fly” via regenerative braking. That said, once its level of charge has been depleted and the vehicle’s petrol motor has been engaged (near seamlessly!), there’s still every chance that you’ll enjoy a level of supplementary electric performance along your journey.
While I evaluated the RAV4 PHEV, its powertrain’s energy recovery and electric assistance helped to lower the 2-tonne medium SUV’s average fuel consumption to below an indicated 6.0 L/100 km.
More pertinently, the presence of this instantly available boost helped the car’s drivetrain feel altogether sprightlier around town compared with non-electrically assisted products that make use of an otherwise lazy CVT. As an aside, Toyota claims a 0-100 kph sprint time of just 6.0 seconds for this derivative.
Which drive modes does the RAV4 PHEV offer?
Apart from when using its hybrid battery exclusively (EV), the RAV4 PHEV offers various drive modes that are tailored to optimise efficiency. The HV (hybrid) mode works in the same way as it does in the Prius by favouring the internal combustion engine (ICE) while extracting as much performance from the electric drivetrain as possible. Auto EV/HV is available only when there is sufficient charge in the hybrid battery; it prioritises e-propulsion and activates the 136 kW/227 Nm petrol engine only when required.
A “charging” mode is also available. Here the vehicle’s ICE can be made to provide propulsion and simultaneously recharge the hybrid battery to a point where “pure EV” driving can be resumed. In this mode, it felt as though the RAV4 was “creating drag” in order to charge up the hybrid battery optimally.
It gets the job done, but at the cost of driving enjoyment. It was the only time in the month-long review period that the PHEV appeared to sacrifice a level of (otherwise considerable) refinement for the cause.
Summary
The Toyota RAV4 is a relatively conservative model, but a “safe bet” within its segment, which explains its popularity. The PHEV version, however, transforms the RAV4 package into one of the most complete medium-SUV packages I’ve experienced. Even with the spectre of Stage 6 load-shedding, which erodes our confidence in being able to charge electric appliances/devices in our homes whenever we want, the concept of plugging your car into a garage’s wall socket for an overnight charge doesn’t seem alien.
Like an all-electric car, the RAV4 PHEV offers a more than useful range when travelling purely on electric power, but unlike the former, the Toyota has its combustion engine to fall back on if, for whatever reason, its hybrid battery cannot be recharged sufficiently. Besides, after a few years of enduring load-shedding, we have become quite adept at managing the battery charges of our smartphones in between outages.
Performance potential aside, the fact that a fully-charged and fuelled Toyota RAV4 PHEV (plug-in hybrid) can offer a potential range of more than 1 100 km – while continuously working to recover energy and utilise electric propulsion whenever possible – makes it a particularly compelling proposition.
But, there’s a but. With the current top-of-the-range RAV4 2.5 Hybrid VX E-Four already priced at a heady R785 400, at what price point might this potential new flagship derivative come to market?
Related content:
Toyota ‘testing’ 225 kW RAV4 plug-in hybrid in SA