Understanding & Combating Driver Fatigue

Long hours behind the wheel can make even the most confident driver feel drowsy. In fact, driver fatigue is one of the biggest hidden dangers on South African roads.

Driver fatigue is more than just feeling sleepy. It slows your reactions, clouds your judgment, and can be as dangerous as drunk driving.

In this guide, we’ll unpack what driver fatigue really is, why it happens, and the warning signs you should never ignore. You’ll also learn practical tips to stay alert and how new technology is helping drivers avoid fatigue-related crashes.

What Exactly Is Driver Fatigue?

Driver fatigue is more than just feeling a bit tired behind the wheel of your vehicle. It’s a state where your alertness, reaction time, and decision-making are significantly reduced.

Research by the Australian Transport Safety Bureau shows that staying awake for 17 hours affects driving ability as much as a blood alcohol concentration (BAC) of 0.05%. After 24 hours without sleep, your impairment is comparable to a BAC of 0.10%, which is above South Africa’s legal limit.

Comparative Summary of Time Awake to Blood Alcohol Level

Time Awake (hours)	Equivalent BAC	*Approximate Number of Standard Drinks (beer or whiskey)**
15	~0.03%	About one drink
17	0.05%	About two drinks
20	0.08%	About 3-4 drinks
24	0.10%	About 4-5 drinks

Driver fatigue is also a factor in a large number of serious accidents worldwide. The European Transport Federation reports that fatigue-related crashes often result in more severe outcomes because tired drivers are less likely to brake or take evasive action before impact. This is a serious threat to road safety.

What Causes Drivers to Become Fatigued?

Several factors can combine to make drivers dangerously tired.

Poor or insufficient sleep tops the list, which makes sense. However, driving during natural low-energy times (around 1:00–6:00 and 14:00–16:00) is another key factor. Long uninterrupted stretches on the road with little visual interest, as well as health issues such as sleep apnoea, all increase the risk.

Stress, certain medications, alcohol consumption, and monotonous driving conditions can make the problem worse.

How Can You Spot Driver Fatigue Early?

If you are on the road and at risk of driver fatigue, it’s wise to recognise the symptoms early. This issue affects the body, behaviour, and mental focus — often at the same time.

Recognising the Warning Signs of Fatigue

Category	Signs	Why It Matters
Physical	Frequent yawning that’s hard to stop Heavy eyelids or struggling to keep your eyes open Sore, dry, or itchy eyes Head nodding or jerking unexpectedly	Physical signs are often the earliest clue that your body is losing the battle against tiredness. If your eyelids feel heavy or your head drops forward, your reaction time is already slower, putting you at risk.
Behavioural	Drifting out of your lane without meaning to Overcorrecting the steering after drifting Inconsistent speed, either slowing down or speeding up without realising Delayed braking or hesitation at traffic changes Short periods of “blank driving” where you can’t recall the last stretch of road	Behavioural changes often happen before you’re even aware you’re tired. Drifting, speed fluctuations, or delayed responses mean your attention is slipping and you’re not fully in control of your vehicle.
Cognitive (Mental)	Struggling to concentrate on the road ahead Missing traffic signs or signals Daydreaming or becoming easily distracted Forgetting recent events on your journey Feeling disconnected or “in a fog”	Mental fatigue affects judgement and awareness. If you can’t focus, forget details of the drive, or lose track of what’s happening, you’re much less able to spot and respond to hazards in time.

What Are Microsleeps and Why Are They So Dangerous?

Microsleeps are brief, involuntary lapses in consciousness where your brain essentially shuts down for a second or more. They often happen without warning, and you may not even realise they’ve occurred. Your eyes might remain open, but your brain is no longer processing information or controlling your actions. In those moments, you’re effectively driving blind.

The danger lies in how far you travel during even a short lapse. At 100 kph, a 3-second microsleep means covering over 80 metres without reacting to anything around you. That’s enough distance to miss a stop sign, plough into the back of another vehicle, or veer off the road entirely.

Studies cited by Arrive Alive South Africa show that drivers experiencing microsleeps are at far greater risk of serious or fatal crashes, largely because they don’t take corrective action before impact.

One of the most worrying aspects is that many drivers don’t recall having a microsleep at all. They may only “wake up” when the vehicle drifts, a rumble strip shakes the wheel, or another driver hoots. By then, valuable reaction time has already been lost.

Put simply, microsleeps turn your car into an unguided missile, even if only for a few seconds. And on busy or high-speed roads, those few seconds can mean the difference between arriving safely and a catastrophic accident.

How Does Fatigue Change the Way You Drive?

Fatigue slows reaction times, reduces lane control, and lowers hazard awareness. Drivers may also experience clumsy gear changes, poor steering precision, and difficulty maintaining a consistent speed.

On South Africa’s long rural roads, where driving conditions can be monotonous, these effects become even more pronounced. In the trucking sector, fatigue is believed to contribute to as many as 30-40% of accidents, making it one of the most significant safety challenges on our roads.

Can Technology Help Detect Fatigue Before It’s Too Late?

Yes. Many newer vehicles and commercial fleets now use driver monitoring systems to detect early signs of tiredness. These systems track patterns in blinking, steering behaviour, and lane position and can even monitor physiological signals like heart rate.

When fatigue is detected, alerts are sent via warnings on the instrument cluster, seat vibrations, or sounds. While these systems are still gaining traction in South Africa, international studies show they are effective in reducing fatigue-related incidents among professional drivers.

Vehicles Offering Driver Fatigue Detection

Car Make/Type	Monitoring System / Safety System	How It Works
Audi Q5	Driver Attention Assist / Fatigue Detection	Uses sensors in the steering and pedals to monitor driver behaviour, such as steering input and erratic control. Alerts the driver with warnings if signs of fatigue or distraction are detected.
Volkswagen Tiguan	Fatigue Detection System	Monitors steering behaviour and driving patterns; issues alerts if signs of drowsiness or fatigue are detected to prompt breaks.
Toyota Corolla Cross	Driver Attention Monitor	Uses a camera to track the driver’s eye and head movement to detect signs of tiredness or distraction, issuing driver alerts.
Mahindra XUV700	Driver Drowsiness Alert	Monitors steering wheel movements and driving style; warns the driver if signs of fatigue or inattention are detected.
Renault Duster	Driver Fatigue Alert System	Monitors changes like erratic steering input and driving pattern irregularities to detect early signs of driver fatigue and issue alerts.

Let’s take a quick look at one of these features.

The 2025 Audi Q5 is an example of a vehicle that includes Driver Attention Assist/Drowsiness Detection (to monitor a driver’s inputs), as well as a host of active safety equipment that will intervene if necessary.

It alerts the driver with audible and visual warnings if signs of fatigue or drowsiness are detected, encouraging timely breaks.
It comes standard with lane-departure warning and lane-keeping assist that gently corrects the vehicle’s path if drifting is detected, reducing risks linked to fatigue-related inattention.
Adaptive cruise control with stop-and-go functionality helps reduce driver workload on long trips, which can ease fatigue.
The Audi Pre Sense City system uses radar to detect vehicles and pedestrians ahead, automatically initiating emergency braking if a collision is imminent, which is crucial if the driver’s reaction is delayed due to fatigue.
The optional configurable head-up display (HUD) shows key driving information directly in the driver’s line of sight, helping maintain alertness without distraction.

Together, these systems provide continuous monitoring and early warnings to detect fatigue and assist the driver before fatigue impairs their driving.

How Can You Reduce the Risk of Driver Fatigue?

The most effective step is to get enough quality sleep — ideally between 7 and 9 hours — before starting a long journey. Planning your trip to include breaks every 2 hours or 160 km, sharing driving duties when possible, and avoiding travel during natural low-energy times can also help.

Keeping your car well-ventilated and cool can delay the onset of sleepiness, but remember: drinking coffee or energy drinks to keep you alert is only a temporary measure. The only real cure for fatigue is rest. If you feel yourself fading, pull over somewhere safe and take a short nap.

Driver Fatigue: The Risk You Can’t Afford to Ignore

Driver fatigue is a silent but deadly hazard on our roads. It affects reaction time, awareness, and decision-making in ways that can be just as dangerous as drinking and driving. By knowing the causes, spotting the warning signs early, and making rest a non-negotiable part of your travel plans, you can protect yourself and others.

The next time your eyelids feel heavy or your mind starts to wander, treat it like a serious mechanical fault — stop, rest, and only get back on the road when you are truly alert. Your safety, and the safety of everyone around you, depends on it.

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Understanding Wheel Alignment: What Every Driver Should Know

What exactly are wheel alignment and balancing? How do you know if you need it? We’re unpacking everything you need to know right here.

Does your car pull stubbornly to the side every time you release the steering wheel? This classic symptom signals wheel alignment problems that could be costing you serious money.

Misaligned wheels can reduce fuel efficiency and necessitate premature tyre replacement, making proper wheel alignment one of the most cost-effective maintenance services you can perform.

Many drivers confuse wheel alignment with wheel balancing, but these are completely different services addressing separate mechanical issues.

Let’s unpack both services and see how staying on top of these helps you maintain your vehicle properly.

What Exactly Is Wheel Alignment?

Wheel alignment is the process of adjusting the angles of your car’s wheels so they are straight and parallel to each other. The main angles adjusted are camber (wheel-tilt, inward or outward), caster (steering axis tilt), and toe (direction tyres point relative to each other).

These checks help your car drive smoothly without pulling to one side and prevent uneven tyre wear.

What Is Wheel Balancing?

Wheel balancing uses small weights to correct uneven weight distribution around the tyre and wheel assembly and ensures smooth rotation.

The process involves spinning each wheel on a specialised machine to detect heavy spots. Technicians then add small weights to counteract these imbalances, preventing vibrations that shake your steering wheel and cause irregular tyre wear.

Balancing focuses on weight distribution, whilst alignment deals with wheel angles and positioning. Both services complement each other, but address completely different mechanical problems.

What Are the Key Differences Between Alignment and Balancing?

Aspect	Wheel Alignment	Wheel Balancing
What it adjusts	Wheel angles via suspension components	Weight distribution on wheel assembly
Primary purpose	Straight tracking and even tyre wear	Smooth rotation without vibrations
Common symptoms	Vehicle pulls sideways, edge tyre wear	Steering wheel vibration, patchy wear patterns
How it’s performed	Adjusting suspension components	Adding weights after the computerised spin test
Service frequency	Every 15,000-20,000km or after impacts	When installing new tyres, or vibrations occur

Why Does Proper Wheel Alignment Matter So Much?

Proper alignment extends tyre life significantly by preventing uneven wear patterns. When wheels point in different directions, some tyre sections work harder than others, creating premature wear on edges or specific areas.

Properly maintained tyres (including alignment) can improve fuel efficiency, as misalignment increases rolling resistance, forcing your engine to work harder. This translates to measurable savings at the pumps and, therefore, reduced environmental impact. The National Academies’ research confirms that tyre-related factors, including alignment, significantly influence vehicle fuel consumption patterns.

As important as these numbers are to our budget, there’s more to it. Aligned wheels improve vehicle handling and safety. Your car responds predictably to steering inputs, maintains stability during emergency manoeuvres, and stops more effectively. Misaligned vehicles can feel unstable at motorway speeds or pull unexpectedly during braking.

Regular alignment also prevents damage to suspension and steering components that results from fighting constant misalignment forces, saving money on expensive part replacements.

How Does Professional Wheel Alignment Work?

The alignment process begins with inspecting suspension and steering components for wear or damage. Worn parts must be replaced before proper alignment can be completed, as damaged components prevent accurate adjustments.

Modern alignment equipment uses laser or camera technology to measure wheel angles precisely. Technicians compare these measurements against manufacturer specifications and adjust camber, toe, and caster angles accordingly using specialised tools.

The service concludes with a test drive to confirm corrections and smooth handling. Professional equipment and expertise are essential – this isn’t a DIY project for weekend mechanics.

What Signs Indicate Your Vehicle Needs Alignment?

A vehicle pulling left or right indicates misaligned toe or camber angles requiring professional correction. This symptom often appears gradually, making it easy to ignore until it becomes severe.
Uneven tyre wear patterns signal alignment problems, causing uneven pressure distribution. Check your tyres regularly for edge wear, cupping, or irregular patterns that indicate alignment issues.
An off-centre steering wheel when driving straight suggests misaligned steering geometry. Even if the vehicle tracks straight, this symptom indicates alignment problems that need attention.
High-speed vibrations may indicate alignment issues, though they can also signal balancing problems. A professional diagnosis determines which service you need.
Loose steering feel or excessive play often results from incorrect suspension angles affecting steering response and road feel.

When Should You Check Your Alignment?

Schedule alignment checks immediately after hitting potholes, curbs, or experiencing any wheel impact. South African roads present unique (yet ongoing) challenges with potholes appearing overnight and roadworks creating unexpected obstacles.

Regular maintenance intervals matter even without obvious symptoms. Have your alignment checked every 15 000 to 20 000 km, as some issues develop gradually.

New tyre installation provides an excellent opportunity for alignment verification. Starting with properly aligned wheels maximises your tyre investment and ensures even wear from the beginning.

Correct Wheel Alignment is A Safety Feature

Proper wheel alignment isn’t luxury maintenance: it’s essential for safety, performance, and financial protection. Those pulling sensations and uneven tyre wear patterns you’ve been ignoring cost money with every kilometre driven.

Regular alignment checks, combined with proper wheel balancing when needed, keep your car performing optimally whilst getting the best of your tyre life and fuel economy. Consider alignment an investment in your vehicle’s long-term health and your family’s safety.

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GWM Tank 300 sales surge to fresh high

The availability of a turbodiesel engine has seemingly invigorated GWM Tank 300 sales in SA, with local registrations of this boxy SUV hitting a fresh high in July 2025…

GWM South Africa’s move to add a turbodiesel engine option to its Tank 300 line-up continues to pay dividends for the Chinese automaker, with sales of this boxy SUV surging to a fresh high in July 2025.

In July 2025, local registrations of the GWM Tank 300 increased 32.8% month on month to 178 units – a new record for this nameplate in Mzansi. In addition, it’s worth noting that this growth came off the previous high in June, when 134 units were sold.

For the record, the first time this Chinese ladder-frame SUV breached the 3-figure mark in South Africa was in March 2025, the month in which the oil-burning engine officially joined the local line-up.

Interestingly, of July’s 178-unit total, 172 represented sales via the dealer channel, with 4 sold to vehicle-rental companies and the final 2 reported as so-called “single” registrations (units GWM SA licensed and kept for its own use).

Though Naamsa’s sales figures unfortunately don’t include a breakdown by engine, there’s little doubt the turbodiesel variants drove this latest growth. As a reminder, March’s launch of 2 new turbodiesel derivatives resulted in the Tank 300 portfolio – which previously comprised only turbopetrol and hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) powertrains – expanding to 6 variants.

The base 2.4TD variant saw the line-up’s entry price lowered by R26 050. As with the turbopetrol and HEV powertrains, the turbodiesel motor is available in the familiar Super Luxury and Ultra Luxury grades. The Tank 300 2.4TD Super Luxury 4×4 is priced at R699 900, while the Tank 300 2.4TD Ultra Luxury 4×4 comes in at R739 900.

In the Tank 300, the new 2.4-litre, 4-cylinder turbodiesel engine (codenamed GW4D24) – which debuted locally in the P500 bakkie in August 2024 and has since been rolled out to the P300 line-up, too – generates peak outputs of 135 kW (at 3 600 r/min) and 480 Nm (at 2 500 r/min). Drive is delivered to all 4 wheels via a 9-speed automatic transmission as standard.

The listed fuel-economy figure for the Tank 300 2.4TD powertrain comes in at 7.7 L/100 km, which compares favourably with the turbopetrol and HEV claims of 9.5 L/100 km and 8.4 L/100 km, respectively.

In 2024, GWM registered 526 units of the Tank 300 in South Africa. In the opening half of 2025, as many as 516 examples were sold, while the 178 units added in July sees this model’s year-to-date tally grow to 694 units.

Road Trip Essentials: What You Need and Why

If you’re preparing for an exciting road trip, here’s what you need to know about long-distance driving, road safety, and planning ahead.

Planning a road trip involves more than just picking a destination and hitting the road. (Well, it should anyway.) From the Garden Route’s coastal stretches to the Drakensberg’s mountain passes, our diverse terrain demands proper preparation, and that goes well beyond just having a full tank of fuel.

It’s a bit of a wake-up call to know that 14.1% of crashes in South Africa happen because cars simply aren’t properly maintained. But vehicle preparation is just 1 piece of the puzzle. The essentials for a successful road trip include everything from emergency kits and route planning to weather considerations and family-friendly preparations.

No, thorough preparation isn’t always cheap or particularly fun. But if you’re heading off on a long drive or eagerly anticipating your annual family holiday, there are some shortcuts that you simply cannot take. Let’s avoid the “it’ll be fine!” mentality and plan ahead for all the important stuff – your vehicle, your route, your emergency supplies, and your family’s comfort.

Consider this your complete guide to road trip essentials and a gentle nudge to do your due diligence before you hit the road.

What Should You Check on Your Car Before a Long Road Trip?

Essential Vehicle Inspection Checklist

Start with fluids – your car’s lifeblood during extended travel:

Engine oil: Check level and colour; dark, thick oil needs changing
Coolant: Essential for South Africa’s temperature extremes
Brake fluid: Critical for mountain descents and emergency stops
Windshield washer fluid: You’ll encounter more bugs and dust than expected

Tire Safety: The R2 Coin Test

Use the R2 coin test for tire safety: Place a R2 coin in the tread grooves of each of your car’s tyres. If you can see the entire Coat of Arms, your tyres need immediate replacement. This simple test can prevent blowouts that cause 15% of serious road accidents in South Africa.

Check tyre pressure monthly, including your spare tyre. Temperature changes during travel can reduce tire pressure by 7-14 kPa (or 0.07-0.14 bar) per 10°C temperature drop.

Battery and Electrical Systems

If your battery is more than 3 years old, have it professionally tested. Extreme temperatures in regions like the Karoo can cause battery failure without warning. Clean corrosion from terminals using baking soda and water – a maintenance step that prevents 25% of roadside battery issues.

Verify all lights function: headlights, brake lights, indicators, and hazard lights. Poor visibility contributes to far too many highway accidents during dawn and dusk hours.

How Do You Plan the Perfect Road Trip Route?

Don’t Put All Your Navigation Eggs in One Digital Basket

Your smartphone GPS is brilliant until it decides to have an existential crisis in the middle of nowhere. Use your primary GPS or Google Maps, but always have a backup plan. Download offline maps before you leave! You’ll be grateful for this little nugget when you’re halfway between Beaufort West and nowhere, and your data signal has vanished like your willpower at a roadside biltong stand.

Keep a printed map in your glovebox (cubby hole) too. Yes, it’s old school, but are you going to trust that you’ll have decent (cellular) data coverage on a rural road? Anyway, there’s something oddly reassuring about unfolding a map and actually knowing where you are without relying on satellites.

Book Early or Sleep in Your Car (Just Kidding… Sort Of)

Here’s the truth about popular South African destinations: they fill up faster than a taxi on pensioners’ day. Book your accommodation at least 60 days ahead during peak seasons like the December holidays or Easter. The Garden Route and Drakensberg areas hit 95% capacity during holidays, and showing up exhausted with nowhere to sleep turns your dream trip into a camping adventure nobody signed up for.

Share your complete travel plans with someone who cares. Include when you’re leaving, where you’re stopping, and when you should arrive. We don’t want to dwell on worst-case scenarios, but at least you know that someone will be looking for you if things go sideways.

What Emergency Kit Items Are Essential for Road Trips?

Your emergency kit is the insurance you hope you’ll never need, and it’s not just a box to tick off. Stock it with bandages, antiseptics, pain relievers, and any prescription meds your family depends on. When the nearest pharmacy is 3 towns away, that headache medication becomes worth its weight in gold.

Pack these items that could literally save your life:

Your jumper cables and basic toolkit might seem obvious, but here’s what’s not: more than half of roadside breakdowns are actually fixable on the spot if you have the right tools.

Water and snacks aren’t just for comfort, they’re survival basics. Pack at least 2 litres of water per person (dehydration kicks in within 3 hours in South African heat) and non-perishable snacks.

Your phone charger and power bank are your lifelines to help. But remember to write down emergency contact numbers on actual paper, too. Technology tends to fail exactly when you need it most.

Family Road Trip Survival Kit

Travelling with kids changes everything, and not always in Instagram-worthy ways. Pack books or car-safe toys, or download movies before you leave. You don’t want to count on finding decent data coverage when you’re trying to entertain a cranky 8-year-old somewhere in the Karoo.

Pack healthy snacks that won’t create a sticky disaster in your backseat, wet wipes for inevitable messes, and small trash bags because confined spaces get gross quickly. Trust the parents who learned these lessons the hard way.

Understanding and Combating Driver Fatigue

How Often Should You Take Breaks During Long-Distance Driving?

Take mandatory breaks every 2 hours or 200 km – whichever comes first. Driver fatigue is a major factor in South African road accidents, especially on those long, monotonous highways such as the N1 between Johannesburg and Cape Town. In fact, some studies suggest fatigue may be involved in up to 60% of truck crashes on these routes.

Hydration and Nutrition Strategy

Drink 250ml of water every hour, but avoid excessive caffeine. Energy drinks can temporarily improve alertness and reaction time for around 30 to 45 minutes (thanks, caffeine), but these can lead to fatigue or reduced alertness once that initial kick wears off.

Choose light, protein-rich snacks over heavy meals. Consuming greasy, high-fat fast food from service stations along the way can impair brain function and mood within an hour. This can lead to decreased alertness and increased drowsiness for several hours afterwards.

What Weather Conditions Require Extra Caution?

Rain and Visibility Challenges

Reduce speed by 20% in rain and increase following distance to at least 4 seconds. Wet roads double stopping distances, and hydroplaning can occur at speeds as low as 50 kph.

Use headlights during any reduced visibility, even during daylight hours. This simple action reduces your accident risk significantly.

Mountain Pass Preparations

Check weather forecasts for the entire route. Mountain conditions change rapidly. The Drakensberg and Western Cape passes can shift from clear to dangerous within 15 minutes during storm season.

How Do You Prepare Your Car’s Aircon System?

Service your vehicle’s air conditioning (aircon) system 30 days before departure. Run the system weekly leading up to your trip to identify potential failures. When temperatures eclipse 40°C, a failed aircon isn’t just uncomfortable – it’s dangerous.

Replace cabin air filters every 20 000 km for optimal air circulation. Dirty filters reduce cooling efficiency and create stuffy conditions that increase driver fatigue.

What Documents Should You Carry on Road Trips?

Nobody gets excited about paperwork, but imagine explaining to a traffic officer that your driver’s licence is “definitely at home on the kitchen counter.” Keep your driver’s licence, vehicle registration, and insurance papers accessible but secure.

Here’s a pro tip that seasoned travellers swear by: make photocopies of everything important and store them separately from the originals. If your wallet gets stolen or your bag goes missing, having backup copies in a different location could save your entire trip. It’s the kind of preparation that seems paranoid until the moment it saves you from disaster.

How Do You Load Your Vehicle Safely?

Weight Distribution: Your Car’s Not a Donkey Cart

Your car has weight limits for good reasons; exceeding them increases the vehicle’s mass and momentum, which typically leads to longer braking distances, often by around 25% or more, depending on load distribution and driving conditions.

It also results in reduced tyre life and handling that feels like you’re driving a shopping trolley with a wonky wheel. Check your vehicle’s manual for the maximum load weight and adhere to it. Distribute weight evenly between front and rear, and keep heavy items low and toward the vehicle’s centre.

Secure everything with straps or cargo nets because loose items become dangerous projectiles during sudden stops. A 5-kg cooler box might seem harmless, but in a 50-kph collision, it generates 150 kg of force – enough to seriously hurt someone. Don’t let your picnic supplies become weapons.

Quick Pre-Departure Checklist

Complete these steps 48 hours before departure:

✓ Vehicle fluids checked and topped off

✓ Tyre condition and pressure verified (including spare)

✓ Battery tested and terminals cleaned

✓ All lights are functioning properly

✓ Aircon system tested

✓ Emergency kit packed and verified

✓ Route planned with backup options

✓ Accommodation confirmed

✓ Itinerary shared with emergency contact

✓ Important documents organised and copied

Your Best Road Trip Starts With Preparation

Proper preparation for your road trip reduces your accident risk, keeps you safe if things go wrong, and prevents a lot of frustration and discomfort. Don’t take chances and hope for the best, especially when you’re travelling with little ones.

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BMW 2002tii: Classic Drive

Built in the early 1970s, the BMW 2002tii is arguably one of the prettiest and sportiest classic compact sedans of its era. We drove this example, which BMW aficionado Jaques Wessels bought in the UK and imported to South Africa, in the Winelands.

A few months before I drove this 1973 BMW 2002tii, its owner, Jaques Wessels, lent me Touring Car Racing and Sports Cars, by Stefan Knittel. In the book, Knittel traces the history of the Bavarian brand and lists all the important highlights of each series and model.

This background reading helped me to appreciate the 2002’s importance in BMW lore. One could argue that, while the 2002 Turbo is historically significant as the first series-production turbocharged car to be sold in Europe, the 2002tii truly built the legend of the model and enshrined BMW’s brand identity.

Images of Hans-Joachim Stuck with one wheel in the air are etched in our minds, as is another picture from the book of Stuck sliding an Alpina-prepared BMW 2002 around a corner on the Nürburgring.

It is worth remembering that Schnitzer won the German Circuit Championship in a BMW 2000ti (the Neue Klasse four-door predecessor to the 2002) in 1966, one of several class and series victories that showcased the car’s racing prowess.

In 1968, Ernst Furtmayr won the touring car category of the European Hillclimb Championship in a Schnitzer-prepared BMW 2002. Beyond that, the 2002 also proved to be a formidable rally machine.

See also: BMW 2800 CS: Classic Drive

Shared Passion and Ownership History

“My dad was a BMW fan,” said Jaques. “I remember this very well, there was a BMW dealership in the Free State town I grew up in, and a truck came through the town and on the back was a 2002 and my dad pointed the car out to me – and it was love at first sight.”

“I said to him, I never want a new car, or a different car, when I get to the age that I can drive. We made a pact back then that my first car would be a 2002, which it was.”

“So, I had my first 2002 from the late ’80s until 1994. We had two; I had a 2002ti and my dad had the bog-standard 2002. My dad passed away in 1994, unfortunately. At that time, I finished my studies and started working while the cars were just standing at my mother’s house.

During the ’90s, we decided to sell both, but I made myself a promise that I would find another one. My dream was always to get a BMW 2002tii because it had a Kugelfischer mechanical fuel-injection system.”

Jaques’ dream of owning a 2002tii finally came true when he worked in the UK from 1999 to 2004. He bought this car in March 2003 from a family who had owned it from new, making him only its 2nd owner.

He notes that it is a pre-August 1973 model, because “from August 1973 the rear lights became angular and the grille design changed.”

He has been continuously improving the car’s condition and appearance ever since, and has a thick folder containing all the original purchase details and every invoice since he became the custodian.

Jaques then drove it for a year in London, during which he took a trip to the Ayrton Senna festival at Donington Park in 2003 – the late Brazilian is his idol. Before exporting the 2002tii to South Africa, he tasked renowned BMW specialists Jaymic to perform cosmetic updates and repair a small rust spot. In 2004, he bought a set of period-correct Alpina wheels from a lady in Berlin through an online auction.

Jaques and his BMW 2002tii feature in this Continental’s 75th birthday video series episode:

The most significant work started in 2016, including a rebuild of the brakes, suspension, and fuel system. No paintwork has been done since a previous restoration in 1995, yet the car’s finish seems in great nick.

Although a considerable sum of money was spent on the BMW 2002tii before Jaques bought it in the UK, and probably more since he has been enjoying it in Mzansi, the car is no “garage queen.” Jaques uses it as often as he can, sometimes commuting 100 km to Cape Town and back once or twice a week.

Finer details of the BMW 2002tii

Before taking the wheel, I admire the 3-box design of the 2002, which was penned by BMW designers Georg Bertram and Manfred Rennen, under the guidance of famed design director Wilhelm Hofmeister. The Sahara Beige paintwork suits the car well, and the relatively tall windows provide excellent visibility.

The chrome beading along the windows, shoulder line, and lower body elevates the BMW 2002tii above its lesser siblings. The car’s compact size is impressive, and once inside, you realise on an intimate level how it becomes a part of you – a feeling one can only dream of in a modern car!

The cabin features artfully upholstered leather trim and light-brown Coco-Mat carpets in the front, while the original German Loop carpets are fitted at the rear. The Recaro seats, sourced from a first-generation (E21) 3 Series, were a popular refit for many 2002s, and it is clear why enthusiasts favour them.

“The only sports seats you could get in the 2002 came with the 2002 Turbo, and those seats are simply impossible to find,” Jaques explains.

The Petri 3.0-litre CSL steering wheel, a factory option on the 2002tii, has a fantastic patina. The trio of drilled holes on each of its three spokes serves as a reminder that you are about to drive a sports sedan.

Specifications

Model: 1973 BMW 2002 tii
Engine: 2.0-litre 4-cylinder, petrol
Power: 97 kW at 5 800 rpm
Torque: 181 Nm at 4 500rpm
Transmission: 4-speed manual
Kerb weight: 1 010 kg
0-100 kph: 9.8 sec (claimed)
Top speed: 190 kph (claimed)

Jaques has also added some personal touches, such as a pair of Swiss-made Stadion stopwatches (on the dashboard in front of the passenger), a fog light at the back, and 2 Cibie Oscar lights at the front.

The stopwatches are a homage to his late father, who used similar devices to record F1 lap times at the old Kyalami circuit in the 1970s. The radio is the original Blaupunkt Bavaria unit, but its internals have been modified to accept external MP3 devices.

As I settle into the driver’s seat, I find it exceptionally comfortable, with decent support and ample headroom. It provides a perfect command of the steering wheel and a good view over the bonnet. At 1.87 metres tall, I was still very comfortable behind the wheel, a testament to the seats.

The 4-speed gearbox’s Alpina-topped gear lever “falls perfectly to hand.” The 2002tii’s gearbox has a shortened first gear, a more heavy-duty clutch, and a marginally longer axle ratio to increase top speed.

The engine is now in tiptop condition after undergoing much work, including a re-sleeving and the replacement of internals like the rings and pistons. While Jaques notes that the M10 engine is “generally bulletproof,” he adds that the Kugelfischer mechanical fuel-injection system – which the “tii” (touring international injection) designation refers to – can be problematic.

“They (Kugelfischers) need a workout – they can malfunction if you just leave them. They’re complex and time-consuming to repair, and there is not a lot of expertise in South Africa to work on them,” he adds.

BMW 2002tii front three-quarter tracking shot

Once you’ve turned the thin key – complete with its teardrop end and classic BMW key ring – the engine catches, and there is a decent note from the exhaust. As expected, it is not deep, but it sounds more purposeful than I thought a 2.0-litre 4-cylinder engine could.

On the open mountain pass and through the twistier sections of tarmac, the car truly comes alive. While there is enough torque to potter around from 2 500 to 3 000 rpm, the engine is at its happiest past 4 000 rpm, with a further 2 000 rpm still to go on the rev counter.

The car’s relatively powerful engine and kerb weight of just 1 010 kg result in nimble, predictable, and fun handling. The unassisted steering provides abundant feedback, making you feel completely connected to the car. The brakes work well, eagerly scrubbing off speed when needed.

The car also inspires confidence, and with some more time behind the wheel, I can imagine how you would quickly start to reach the limits of adhesion on your favourite piece of twisting tarmac.

Its size is another benefit to the driving experience. On the road, it doesn’t take up as much space as a modern car. The result is that on narrower roads, you still have ample space to play with and to accurately place the car.

Summary

What a joy it must have been to race it on some of the twisty and tight circuits and roads in Europe.

The book I read is one of many that highlight BMW’s racing history and the significance of the 2002 race cars, but I think the car is best summed up in the 1968 BMW 2002 launch report from American motoring writer, David E. Davis for Car and Driver. His thorough and extensive report ends with: “A final word of advice. The crazy-mad little BMW 2002 is every bit as good as I say it is – maybe better.

Search for a classic BMW on Cars.co.za

Hilux sales climb to 2-year high! SA’s best-selling bakkies in July 2025

In July 2025, the Toyota Hilux registered its highest single-month total in nearly 2 years, breaching the 3 000-unit mark for the 2nd time this year…

In July 2025, South Africa’s total new-vehicle market hit a near-6-year high, improving 15.6% year on year to 51 383 units. In the process, the light-commercial vehicle (LCV) segment registered its 4th straight month of year-on-year growth, gaining 6.9% to 12 356 units. So, what happened on the list of Mzansi’s best- and worst-selling bakkies in July?

Well, the Toyota Hilux registered its highest single-month total since September 2023 – yes, almost 2 years ago – ending July 2025 on a whopping 3 120 units (including 395 sales via the rental channel). That represents not only the 2nd time this year the Prospecton-built stalwart has cracked the 3 000-unit mark but also a 2.8% month-on-month improvement over June 2025‘s showing.

*Some 24.3% of the Isuzu D-Max’s total in July were sales to government.*

Meanwhile, the Ford Ranger retained the runner-up position, though sales of the Blue Oval brand’s Silverton-manufactured contender – which was recently the subject of a recall, along with 3 other Ford models – slipped 6.5% month on month to 2 168 units. The Isuzu D-Max was thus just 166 units behind in 3rd, with local registrations of the Struandale-produced bakkie growing 19.3% month on month to 2 002 units (including a heady 487 sales to government).

There were likewise no positional changes in the rest of the top 5 in July 2025, with the KwaZulu-Natal-assembled Mahindra Pik Up (down 9%, month on month, to 783 units) keeping hold of 4th and the Toyota Land Cruiser 79 (down 9.6%, month on month, to 534 units) retaining 5th. Sourced from Japan, the latter was therefore again the top-ranked fully imported bakkie.

Interestingly, the only ranking change compared with the prior month came courtesy of the GWM P-Series (including new, recently launched P300 derivatives) and the Nissan Navara (now available in Stealth guise). In July, the Chinese contender moved up a place to 6th, with sales increasing 7.6% month on month to 395 units. The Rosslyn-made Navara, however, finished a mere 2 registrations behind on 393 units (down 2.5%, month on month), though that was enough to see it fall to 7th.

While local registrations of the Volkswagen Amarok increased 7.6% month on month to 381 units, the German firm’s Ford-built bakkie remained in 8th position. The Foton Tunland G7 (down 4.5%, month on month, to 214 units) ended July in 9th once more.

*The GWM P300 was the only top-10 bakkie to climb the rankings in July.*

Finally, the JAC T-Series again rounded out the top 10, with its combined tally – comprising the T6, T8 and T9 line-ups – of 174 units representing a 13% increase compared with June’s effort. While JAC reports only a combined T-Series figure to Naamsa, we have an unofficial breakdown of the range’s sales for July. According to our source, the Chinese brand sold 108 units of the T9 last month, along with 60 examples of the T8 and 6 units of the T6.

Best of the rest in July 2025: bakkies outside top 10

*Peugeot’s Landtrek fell just short of 3 figures in July.*

So, which bakkies didn’t rank in the top 10 in July 2025? Well, the GWM Steed – which is these days offered exclusively in single-cab workhorse form – was again best of the rest with 150 sales, finishing ahead of the likewise Chinese-made Peugeot Landtrek (98 units).

The Mahindra Bolero put up a total of 67 sales, while local registrations of the latest-generation Mitsubishi Triton fell to just 28 units. As has become tradition, the Jeep Gladiator – which, incidentally, is still awaiting its facelift – completed the table, garnering 6 registrations in July.

10 best-selling bakkies in South Africa for July 2025

1. Toyota Hilux – 3 120 units

2. Ford Ranger – 2 168 units

3. Isuzu D-Max – 2 002 units

4. Mahindra Pik Up – 783 units

5. Toyota Land Cruiser 79 – 534 units

6. GWM P-Series – 395 units

7. Nissan Navara – 393 units

8. Volkswagen Amarok – 381 units

9. Foton Tunland G7 – 214 units

10. JAC T-Series – 174 units

SA’s new-vehicle sales surge to near-6-year high in July 2025

July 2025 represented the SA new-vehicle market’s highest monthly total in nearly 6 years. Here’s your industry overview, including Mzansi’s 10 best-selling automakers…

In July 2025, South Africa’s new-vehicle market grew 15.6% year on year – the local industry’s 10th consecutive month of year-on-year growth – to end on a whopping 51 383 units. For the record, that represents not only an 8.6% increase over June 2025’s effort but also the market’s highest monthly sales total since October 2019 (nearly 6 years ago).

“We are encouraged by the sustained positive momentum in new-vehicle sales, which clearly underscores the resilience of South African consumers and the strategic importance of a stable macro-economic policy environment. This performance reflects more than short-term consumption – it signals the sector’s confidence in the country’s broader economic trajectory,” said Naamsa CEO, Mikel Mabasa.

The industry-representative body further said vehicle exports “displayed notable resilience” in July, decreasing 1.9% year on year to 35 379 units “despite the effects” of the 25% automotive tariffs imposed by the United States in April 2025. Year to date, exports remain 2.5% ahead of the same 7-month reporting period in 2024.

According to Naamsa, 83.1% of July 2025’s total reported domestic figure of 51 383 units represented dealer sales, while an estimated 11.1% were sales to the new-vehicle rental industry, 3.1% to government and 2.7% to industry corporate fleets.

ALSO READ: Facelifted Renault Triber confirmed for SA

Mzansi’s new passenger-vehicle market drove much of the broader industry’s growth, ending July 2025 on a heady 36 248 units (with the rental market contributing a considerable 14.0%). Up 20.1% year on year, that total is the best monthly new passenger-vehicle performance since January 2017. Meanwhile, the light-commercial vehicle segment put in its 4th straight month of year-on-year growth, increasing 6.9% to 12 356 units.

Meanwhile, Brandon Cohen, Chairperson of the National Automobile Dealers’ Association (NADA), said that “despite global uncertainty and the looming threat of tariffs”, South Africa’s new-vehicle market was showing “remarkable resilience”. He also pointed to the strength of the new-vehicle rental market, saying this channel continued to “support overall growth” in the industry.

ALSO READ: Ford SA recalls EcoSport, Puma, Everest, Ranger

“The rental market has become a surprise growth engine, contributing significantly to the market’s momentum. It’s a strong indication of renewed confidence in travel and tourism sectors,” Cohen noted, adding that growth in this sector was “significantly outpacing all other channels”.

Lebo Gaoaketse, Head of Marketing and Communication at WesBank, suggested SA’s prevailing low-inflation economy (facilitating interest-rate cuts) was also relieving household budgets in other areas and providing more disposable income.

ALSO READ: Chery Tiggo 7 (2025) Price & Specs

“All these factors combined are assisting consumers and businesses to access finance. Unprecedented levels of demand – as measured by the rate of applications – is driving sales and is proof of the level of confidence in the market,” Gaoaketse said, adding that application volumes at WesBank were more than 20% higher than a year ago.

New-vehicle sales summary for July 2025

Aggregate new-vehicle sales of 51 383 units increased by 15.6% (6 931 units) compared to July 2024.
New passenger-vehicle sales of 36 248 units increased by 20.1% (6 072 units) compared to July 2024.
New light-commercial vehicle sales of 12 356 units increased by 6.9% (800 units) compared to July 2024.
Export sales of 35 379 units decreased by 1.9% (677 units) compared to July 2024.

10 best-selling automakers in South Africa in July 2025

Kia Sonet makes list of SA's 15 best-selling cars and crossovers — *Kia returned to the top 10 in July.*

As you might have already predicted, Toyota SA Motors (which includes the Lexus and Hino brands) led the charge in July 2025. In fact, the Japanese firm registered its highest total since September 2023, ending the month on a whopping 12 694 units. By our maths, that represents an 8.6% month-on-month improvement and a 24.7% market share.

Suzuki Auto SA increased its total 19.8% month on month to 6 257 units (its top performance since January 2025), allowing it to comfortably retain 2nd place. Volkswagen Group Africa (including Audi) thus found itself 519 units off the pace in 3rd, despite its sales growing 15.4% month on month to 5 738 units – its biggest total since November 2024.

After dropping a place in June, Hyundai Automotive SA climbed back to 4th position in July 2025, gaining 8.8% month on month to 3 161 units. Ford Motor Company of SA thus fell back to 5th, with its tally sliding 5.9% month on month to 2 877 units. GWM SA held steady in 6th spot, again ranking as the highest-placed Chinese from (with sales increasing 6.5% month on month to 2 436 units).

Isuzu Motors SA was right on GWM’s tail, climbing a position to 7th on the back of a 16.3% month-on-month increase in registrations to 2 427 units. That saw Chery SA – which grew its total 2.8% month on month to 2 160 units in July 2025 – slip a spot to 8th.

ALSO READ: Opel Frontera, Citroën Basalt pushed back

Interestingly, Kia SA returned to the top 10 in July 2025, with the South Korean brand’s sales surging 53.7% month on month to 1 891 units (almost a quarter of which came via the rental channel) – its highest figure since November 2022. Mahindra SA closed out the table, dropping a place to 10th with sales decreasing 2.8% month on month to 1 441 units. Ford and Mahindra were thus the only 2 brands in the top 10 to lose sales month on month in July.

Meanwhile, Renault SA (1 320 units) again had to be content with 11th place, while BMW Group SA – which includes the BMW and Mini brands – slipped 2 spots to 12 (with a Naamsa-estimated 1 249 units). Nissan (1 190 units) stayed in 13th, while Omoda & Jaecoo (1 069 units) and Jetour (717 units) likewise held steady in 14th and 15th, respectively.

1. Toyota – 12 694 units

2. Suzuki – 6 257 units

3. Volkswagen Group – 5 738 units

4. Hyundai – 3 161 units

5. Ford – 2 877 units

6. GWM – 2 436 units

7. Isuzu – 2 427 units

8. Chery – 2 160 units

9. Kia – 1 891 units

10. Mahindra – 1 441 units

SA’s sales outlook for the rest of 2025

What’s next for South Africa’s new-vehicle market? Well, with July’s effort “driven by improving consumer confidence, favourable credit conditions and a steady recovery in disposable incomes”, Naamsa says the South African Reserve Bank’s recent decision to again reduce the repo rate by 25 basis points “will further inject much-needed stimulus into the economy”.

“Encouragingly, household credit extension has continued to improve, while consumer sentiment is rebounding – especially among middle- and upper-income groups. The implementation of pension reforms has also unlocked additional liquidity for big-ticket purchases such as vehicles. This positive trend is further reinforced by improved logistics performance, a more stable electricity supply and a sustained demand for high-spec, cost-effective vehicles across market segments,” says Naamsa.

ALSO READ: Chinese brand JMC revived in South Africa

NADA’s Cohen believes the influence of Chinese brands in the local market will continue to grow in the latter part of the year, pointing to the fact financial institutions are now showing “confidence in these brands by offering white-labelled finance packages”.

“The rapid rise of Chinese and Asian brands reflects a shift in buyer preferences toward affordability and value. It’s a trend we expect to intensify as more brands enter the market,” explains Cohen.

ALSO READ: New Volvo ES90 locked in for South Africa

Meanwhile, WesBank’s Gaoaketse maintains “there remains a direct correlation between the [interest] rate-cutting cycle and the upturn in new-vehicle sales”, adding that the local market “should continue to expect growth if interest rates remain lower”.

Gaoaketse furthermore suggests there is scope for another cut before the end of the year: “With inflation well within target, an additional cut would allow the industry to potentially show double-digit growth for the year, spurring consumer and business confidence”.

“While the new-vehicle market remains buoyant, consumers should remain vigilant with existing and future indebtedness. Savings on existing debt will provide relief elsewhere in household budgets but may best be spent reducing overall levels of debt in the longer term,” he cautions.

Essential Emergency Supplies for Your Car

Stay safe on the road with the right emergency supplies for your car. Here’s exactly what you need to stay prepared and ready for anything.

Here’s a scary stat: the average South African driver experiences at least 1 roadside emergency every 2 years. Having the right emergency supplies for your car can mean the difference between a minor inconvenience and a life-threatening situation.

The vast distances between towns and cities in South Africa make preparation even more critical. Cellphone coverage isn’t guaranteed on all routes, and help might be hours away (or in some remote areas, approximately never). A well-stocked emergency kit recasts your vehicle as a mobile survival station, ready to handle everything from minor mechanical failures to serious medical emergencies.

The peace of mind alone makes the investment worthwhile, and frankly, it beats explaining to your insurance company why you tried to flag down help using interpretive dance.

Key Takeaways & Emergency Kit Secrets Worth Knowing

Before we jump into the essentials, here are 4 insights that most drivers never discover until it’s too late:

“Three sharp blasts”: A simple whistle, yes, a whistle can be heard up to 1.6 km away in optimal conditions, while your voice barely carries 100 metres when you’re stressed and dehydrated.
The spare tyre time bomb: Most drivers check their main tyres religiously but ignore their spare (which loses pressure 2-3 times faster) and could leave you stranded with a “backup” that’s no backup at all.
The medical supply wildcard: One common household item doubles as both a wound cleanser and an engine coolant emergency additive – and you probably have it in your kitchen right now.

1. Medical Emergency Supplies for Your Car

What should a car’s First Aid kit contain?

A car’s First Aid kit should include:

Bandages
Antiseptic wipes
Pain relievers
Gauze pads
Medical tape
Scissors
Tweezers
Instant cold pack
Disposable gloves

Basically, everything you’d want if you were playing doctor, but for real emergencies.

In an emergency, the First Aid kit in your car serves as your 1st line of defence against injuries. Accidents happen without warning, and proper medical supplies can prevent minor cuts from becoming infected wounds. Include various bandage sizes to handle everything from small scrapes to larger injuries.

Pack antiseptic wipes and antibiotic ointment to clean wounds immediately. These are your personal medical cleanup crew. Pain relievers like aspirin or ibuprofen help manage discomfort while you wait for professional medical assistance. An instant cold pack provides immediate relief for sprains or bruises.

Non-latex gloves protect both the injured person and the person providing aid. Your First Aid box for the car should also contain a digital thermometer, especially if you travel with children. Emergency blankets take up minimal space but provide crucial warmth for shock victims.

Replace expired medications every 6 months and check that all supplies remain sealed and sterile.

2. Vehicle Breakdown Tools

Essential mechanical emergency supplies for your car

Every automotive emergency kit needs:

Jumper cables
A spare tyre
A jack
Lug wrench
Tyre repair kit
Portable air compressor (for handling common vehicle failures that seem to happen at the worst possible moments)

Dead batteries top the list of roadside emergencies, striking with the reliability of Monday morning traffic. Jumper cables allow fellow motorists to help get you moving again. (Although finding someone willing to stop these days requires the negotiation skills of a Jedi master.)

Portable jump starters are a good idea. They offer independence from other vehicles and work well for remote locations with very little passing traffic.

Modern jump starter units are compact, lightweight, and often include USB ports for charging devices. Some models pack enough power to jump-start a small aircraft, though we recommend sticking to cars.

Tyre Talk

Tyre problems rank 2nd in breakdown frequency, and they have an uncanny ability to occur during the worst weather conditions. Your spare tyre is about as useful as a wet noodle without a proper jack and lug wrench. Many drivers discover too late that their jack is broken or their lug wrench doesn’t fit.

Check these tools regularly and practice changing a tire in your driveway before you need the skill on a dark highway.

With a tyre repair kit (including sealant) and a portable compressor, you can fix small punctures without removing the wheel. These kits work particularly well for nail punctures and slow leaks. They’re faster than changing a tyre and get you back on the road quickly, assuming the puncture isn’t terminal.

3. Safety and Visibility Items

Reflective warning triangles alert approaching traffic to your presence before they’re close enough to become part of your emergency. Place them 50 meters behind your vehicle on highways and 30 meters on regular roads – distances that matter when other drivers are travelling at highway speeds… while possibly checking their phones. The faster the traffic, the more warning drivers will need.

A high-visibility vest makes you more visible to other drivers, especially during nocturnal emergencies. Choose bright orange or yellow vests that glow in the dark. You want to be seen from space if necessary, because subtlety won’t help when you’re standing next to a broken-down vehicle.

LED flashlights provide reliable illumination for repairs and tyre changes. Pack extra batteries or choose rechargeable models with solar charging capabilities that work as long as the sun continues its day job. Head-mounted lights free your hands for actual work instead of trying to hold a flashlight in your teeth.

Emergency flares offer backup visibility options when triangles aren’t enough. They’re particularly useful in heavy rain or fog when reflective triangles might blend into the scenery like automotive camouflage.

Modern LED flares are safer than traditional pyrotechnic versions, but keep them somewhere safe!

4. Emergency Survival & Comfort Supplies for your Car

Building your car disaster kit

A car disaster kit should include:

Water
Non-perishable food
Blankets
Extra clothing
Emergency communication devices

Water ranks as your most important survival supply – it’s even more essential than your morning coffee, though arguably less motivating. Store at least 2 litres per person for a minimum 24-hour emergency. Choose containers that won’t crack in temperature extremes.

Non-perishable snacks maintain energy levels during long waits for assistance. Energy bars, nuts, and dried fruit provide quick calories without requiring preparation. Avoid chocolate and other items that melt in hot weather – discovering chocolate soup in your emergency kit is disappointing and messy.

Pack enough food for all regular passengers plus 1 extra person, because you never know when you’ll play Good Samaritan to another stranded motorist.

Emergency blankets or sleeping bags provide warmth during cold nights when your car becomes an unplanned campsite. South African temperatures can drop significantly after sunset, even in summer. Mountainous areas and winter months can turn a simple breakdown into a serious hypothermia risk.

Pack extra clothing appropriate for the season and region. What works in Cape Town won’t necessarily keep you comfortable in the Drakensberg. Include warm layers, rain gear, and sturdy shoes that can handle walking on rough terrain if you need to hike for help.

5. Communication and Navigation Tools

Staying connected during emergencies

Your automotive emergency kit needs backup communication methods, including:

A portable phone charger
Emergency radio
A whistle for signalling rescue teams

Portable phone chargers keep your lifeline active when your car’s electrical system decides to take an unscheduled vacation. Solar-powered chargers work indefinitely as long as the sun cooperates, while battery-powered units provide multiple charges for longer emergencies. Choose models compatible with your specific phone type and keep charging cables organised in labelled bags.

Emergency radios receive weather updates and news when cell towers are down or overloaded. Hand-crank models work without external power sources and provide excellent stress relief through vigorous cranking. Some units include built-in flashlights and phone charging capabilities, making them multitasking heroes of emergency preparedness.

Whistles carry much farther than shouting and require less energy to use – important when you need to conserve your voice for more important things like calling for help or expressing your frustration creatively. Three sharp blasts on your whistle – that is the universal distress signal.

6. Weather-Specific Additions

Preparing for South African conditions

Different regions require specialised equipment that reflects local challenges. Coastal areas need rust-resistant tools that can handle salty air, while mountain passes require tyre chains and ice scrapers during winter months when roads can become Olympic-level ice rinks.

Summer heat creates unique challenges that can turn your car into a mobile oven. Pack extra water, sun protection, and cooling towels. Car interiors can reach deadly temperatures quickly – hot enough to bake cookies on your dashboard, though we don’t recommend testing this theory.

Never leave emergency supplies in direct sunlight where they might be damaged by heat. Plastic items can warp, medications can lose potency, and batteries can leak or explode.

Winter mountain driving requires tyre chains, especially on passes like the Sani Pass or Drakensberg routes, where winter conditions can roll in quickly. (Practice installing chains before you need them.)

Ice scrapers and snow brushes clear windows for safe visibility. Pack warm clothing, even for short trips in winter.

Rainy season preparation includes waterproof storage for electronics and emergency supplies. Water and electronics don’t play nicely together. Plastic containers with tight-fitting lids protect important items from moisture.

Pack rain ponchos and waterproof boots for outdoor emergency tasks. Staying dry improves your ability to think clearly and work effectively. Traction aids like sand or cat litter help with wheel spin in mud because getting stuck deeper rarely improves your situation.

7. Organisation and Maintenance of Car Emergency Supplies

Keeping your car survival pack ready

Store emergency supplies in waterproof containers organised by category. Label everything clearly and create an inventory list so you know what you have and where it is. Review and update your car’s emergency kit every 6 months.

Accessibility matters as much as having supplies in the 1st place. Store frequently needed items like jumper cables and tyre tools in easily reached locations. Keep your First Aid kit where it’s always accessible. Heavy items belong in the boot, but shouldn’t be buried under other cargo. Organisation prevents the frustrating treasure hunt that occurs when you need something immediately.

Regular maintenance keeps your kit functional and ready for action. Check expiration dates on medications and food supplies. Test electronic devices and replace batteries before they leak corrosive acid all over your expensive equipment.

Inspect tools for rust, damage, or wear that could cause them to fail during critical moments. Update your kit based on seasonal changes and travel plans.

8. Special Considerations for Families

Travelling with children requires additional supplies that address their specific needs and shorter patience spans. Pack extra nappies, formula, and children’s medications in quantities that account for delays and unexpected overnight stays.

Include entertainment items for long waits – colouring books, tablets with downloaded content, and small toys. Bored children can transform a manageable emergency into a stress-testing exercise for your parenting skills.

Medical conditions require specialised supplies that reflect individual health needs: diabetics need glucose tablets and extra insulin stored properly to maintain effectiveness; asthma sufferers need backup inhalers that haven’t expired or been damaged by extreme temperatures; heart patients need their medications readily available, not buried in a suitcase in the boot.

Consult your doctor about emergency quantities of prescription medications and proper storage methods that maintain their effectiveness.

Essential Emergency Supplies, Made Simple

Having comprehensive emergency supplies for your car transforms frightening and dangerous breakdowns into manageable inconveniences that test your patience rather than your survival skills.

The investment in proper emergency equipment pays dividends in safety, peace of mind, and reduced stress during unexpected roadside events.

Your emergency preparedness doesn’t end with assembling a kit and hoping for the best. Regular maintenance, proper organisation, and family education complete your safety strategy.

Everyone who travels in your vehicle should know where supplies are located and how to use basic items like first aid supplies and communication devices.

The open roads of South Africa offer incredible experiences and breathtaking scenery, but they also present real risks that demand respect and preparation. Safe travels!

2026 Toyota Hilux images leaked!

Images of the 2026 Toyota Hilux have appeared online, giving us a quick look at what we can expect when it launches in South Africa next year. Here’s what we know so far.

The 2026 Toyota Hilux has appeared on the Internet, thanks to a brochure leak and using our in-house designers, we’ve come up with what we think is an accurate representation of the production version. Some sources have suggested a global reveal before the end of 2025.

Expected to continue with its impressive off-road abilities and legendary reliability, the 2026 Toyota Hilux comes with an evolutionary design. Sure, it is cliched, but this is one of Toyota’s bread-and-butter models and the brand can’t afford to polarise its audience. Remember that this double-cab bakkie has been Toyota South Africa’s best-selling vehicle for 50 years.

The double-cab bakkie segment has changed radically since the last all-new 8th-generation Hilux was revealed. We’re in the era of radically shorter product lifecycles and we’ve seen newcomers enter the market as well as established brands overhaul their lineup.

The interest in the high-tech hybrid BYD Shark is incredible, we’ve seen nothing like it and to be fair, the hype is justified – the Shark is impressive for a first attempt. Both the Ford Ranger and the Isuzu D-Max have been upgraded and are both worthy rivals to the Hilux. We’re at the point now that when you step into a Hilux, the cabin look and feel lags behind.

In terms of engine and powertrain, it is expect the 2026 Toyota Hilux will use an enhanced version of the 2.8-litre turbocharged 4-cylinder diesel motor with 48V mild-hybrid technology. As a reminder, the current GR-Sport offers up 165 kW and 550 Nm, and a Legend 55 model will be the swansong for this generation.

Inside, we suspect that a version of the Toyota Land Cruiser Prado’s screen and switchgear will make its way to the 2026 Toyota Hilux. Nothing has been confirmed in the way of platform yet, some have said it will continue to ride on the current setup, while others reckon the TNGA-F platform.

Want to purchase a new or used Toyota Hilux? Browse vehicles for sale

Read all the latest Toyota news and reviews

BYD Atto 1 (2025) Launch Review

Ciro De Siena is currently in China as a guest of BYD and he got a first taste of what will be South Africa’s cheapest EV when it launches in September 2025.

Meet the BYD Atto 1, or Dolphin Mini or Dolphin Surf, depending on which market you’re based in. Arguably, the biggest criticism of electric cars is the pricing as South Africa’s taxes and tariffs are punishingly high. We touched on how new car taxes have hurt consumer pockets here.

But, there’s light at the end of the tunnel as proper electric vehicles are about to get to prices expected to rival Polo Vivo – under R350 000! This is the BYD Dolphin Mini, which will be sold as the Atto 1 in South Africa. Based on what we’ve been told here in Zhengzhou, China and can calculate, this car will be SA’s cheapest EV by some margin and officially goes on sale in September of this year.

BYD Atto 1 Powertrain

It’s a sharp-looking thing, that’s for sure. For scale, it’s about the same size as the Mini Cooper, but offers a surprisingly spacious interior. For the number fanatics, it measures 3 990 mm in length and has a width of 1 720 mm.

The Atto 1 features a single motor which drives the front wheels. The 30 kWh variant offers 65 kW (0-100 kph in 11.1-12.1 seconds), while the 42.2 kWh high-spec offers 115 kW (0-100 kph in 9.1 seconds).

From our understanding, there’ll be two battery sizes offered; 30 kWh and 42.2 kWh. As a reminder, these are BYD’s Blade batteries, renowned for their durability. Based on the CLTC (China Light-duty vehicle Test Cycle), ranges from 220 km to 322 km depending on derivative, while the higher-spec battery has a claimed range of 310 km. Sounds fine for urban commuting then, but interestingly, BYD is claiming 507 km of urban range based on the WLTP cycle.

Most impressive for a budget battery electric car are its fast-charging capabilities which mean you can charge the smaller-battery version (30 kWh) from 20-80% in around 16 minutes at a mall or petrol station, or 2 hours and 34 minutes at home via an AC connection. The bigger battery version can accept up to 85 kW DC charging, while the entry-level model takes 65 kW.

Keep in mind that real-world range is reduced by factors like average speed (highway cruising), temperature (cold is problematic), regeneration, and driving style.

First Impressions

We had the chance to drive the sharp-looking Atto 1 at BYD’s facility and the first concern we had about performance was quickly addressed. All variants felt adequate for SA roads on my quick test drive, especially when I put my foot flat to simulate overtaking.

The interior felt a little plasticky in places, but overall was far more advanced and luxurious than any car you’ll find at this price point in South Africa. Being a BYD, of course it featured the rotating infotainment screen.

EV running costs (especially home charging) are generally much lower, and EVs require far less maintenance. I’m particularly excited by the Atto 1’s potential to transform the used car market; its 8-year battery warranty, expected 12-15 year useful life, low maintenance, and depreciation mean in 3-5 years, we could buy a good used Atto 1 or similar EV for around R200 000 or less, depending on age and mileage. Now that’s exciting for me!

Want to purchase a new or used BYD? Browse vehicles for sale

Read the latest BYD news and reviews

Understanding & Combating Driver Fatigue

Long hours behind the wheel can make even the most confident driver feel drowsy. In fact, driver fatigue is one of the biggest hidden dangers on South African roads.

What Exactly Is Driver Fatigue?

Comparative Summary of Time Awake to Blood Alcohol Level

What Causes Drivers to Become Fatigued?

How Can You Spot Driver Fatigue Early?

Recognising the Warning Signs of Fatigue

What Are Microsleeps and Why Are They So Dangerous?

How Does Fatigue Change the Way You Drive?

Can Technology Help Detect Fatigue Before It’s Too Late?

Vehicles Offering Driver Fatigue Detection

How Can You Reduce the Risk of Driver Fatigue?

Driver Fatigue: The Risk You Can’t Afford to Ignore

Understanding Wheel Alignment: What Every Driver Should Know

What exactly are wheel alignment and balancing? How do you know if you need it? We’re unpacking everything you need to know right here.

What Exactly Is Wheel Alignment?

What Is Wheel Balancing?

What Are the Key Differences Between Alignment and Balancing?

Why Does Proper Wheel Alignment Matter So Much?

How Does Professional Wheel Alignment Work?

What Signs Indicate Your Vehicle Needs Alignment?

When Should You Check Your Alignment?

Correct Wheel Alignment is A Safety Feature

GWM Tank 300 sales surge to fresh high

The availability of a turbodiesel engine has seemingly invigorated GWM Tank 300 sales in SA, with local registrations of this boxy SUV hitting a fresh high in July 2025…

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Road Trip Essentials: What You Need and Why

If you’re preparing for an exciting road trip, here’s what you need to know about long-distance driving, road safety, and planning ahead.

What Should You Check on Your Car Before a Long Road Trip?

Essential Vehicle Inspection Checklist

Tire Safety: The R2 Coin Test

Battery and Electrical Systems

How Do You Plan the Perfect Road Trip Route?

Don’t Put All Your Navigation Eggs in One Digital Basket

Book Early or Sleep in Your Car (Just Kidding… Sort Of)

What Emergency Kit Items Are Essential for Road Trips?

Pack these items that could literally save your life:

Family Road Trip Survival Kit

How Often Should You Take Breaks During Long-Distance Driving?

Hydration and Nutrition Strategy

What Weather Conditions Require Extra Caution?

Rain and Visibility Challenges

Mountain Pass Preparations

How Do You Prepare Your Car’s Aircon System?

What Documents Should You Carry on Road Trips?

How Do You Load Your Vehicle Safely?

Weight Distribution: Your Car’s Not a Donkey Cart

Quick Pre-Departure Checklist

Your Best Road Trip Starts With Preparation

BMW 2002tii: Classic Drive

Built in the early 1970s, the BMW 2002tii is arguably one of the prettiest and sportiest classic compact sedans of its era. We drove this example, which BMW aficionado Jaques Wessels bought in the UK and imported to South Africa, in the Winelands.

Shared Passion and Ownership History

Finer details of the BMW 2002tii

Specifications

Summary

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Hilux sales climb to 2-year high! SA’s best-selling bakkies in July 2025

In July 2025, the Toyota Hilux registered its highest single-month total in nearly 2 years, breaching the 3 000-unit mark for the 2nd time this year…

Best of the rest in July 2025: bakkies outside top 10

10 best-selling bakkies in South Africa for July 2025

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SA’s new-vehicle sales surge to near-6-year high in July 2025

July 2025 represented the SA new-vehicle market’s highest monthly total in nearly 6 years. Here’s your industry overview, including Mzansi’s 10 best-selling automakers…

New-vehicle sales summary for July 2025

10 best-selling automakers in South Africa in July 2025

SA’s sales outlook for the rest of 2025

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Essential Emergency Supplies for Your Car

Stay safe on the road with the right emergency supplies for your car. Here’s exactly what you need to stay prepared and ready for anything.

Key Takeaways & Emergency Kit Secrets Worth Knowing

1. Medical Emergency Supplies for Your Car

What should a car’s First Aid kit contain?

2. Vehicle Breakdown Tools

Essential mechanical emergency supplies for your car

Tyre Talk

3. Safety and Visibility Items

4. Emergency Survival & Comfort Supplies for your Car

Building your car disaster kit

5. Communication and Navigation Tools

Staying connected during emergencies