1913 Benz 10/30hp: Classic Drive
Cars weren’t always as effortless to drive as they are today. The Benz 10/30hp, a car predating the unification of Daimler-Benz, is a perfect case in point.
The Benz 10/30hp and I are off in first gear – barely at jogging speed – but, for the first time in my driving life, I’m wary of changing into second gear. The problem is, I have to change up… I can’t keep the car in first gear, as it would take hours to drive to our planned destination.
This 10/30hp is the oldest – and one of the most intimidating – car I’ve ever driven. All those inspirational posters that say, “It is not about the destination, but the journey”, have a point, but I can’t stay in first gear for the next 5 km.
With some trepidation, I press the clutch pedal and try (rather unsuccessfully) to blip the throttle and pull the long, vintage gearlever backwards. After a second or 2 of clack-clacking, everything comes together and 2nd gear is engaged.
Now I need to build up confidence for 3rd gear (I can already feel the sweat droplets forming on my brow). The thing is, you need to press the throttle after you have engaged the clutch to make the change process as slick as possible. This is one of the many challenges of piloting an early car such as this Benz 10/30hp, which doesn’t have a synchromesh gearbox.
Specifications
- Model: 1913 Benz 10/30hp
- Years produced: 1912-1914
- Engine: 2 610 cm3, 4 cylinder
- Power: 30 bhp (22 kW) at 1 750 rpm
- Transmission: 4-speed manual, RWD
- Chassis weight: 960 kg
- Top speed: 70 km/h
- Fuel consumption: 15-17.0 L/100 km
Apart from that, I need to stay focused. There are 3 pedals but they don’t operate things in the order you would expect; the clutch and the throttle pedal are swapped around. I remind myself of this configuration constantly and, fortunately, I never get it wrong. It is not all smooth sailing, though.
As we slowly make our way up a spectacular mountain pass in the southern Cape, I only realise when we arrive at the turnaround point that I have driven the entire distance with the 10/30hp’s handbrake lever engaged! Embarrassment engulfs me and not just because the owner was sitting right next to me the whole time.
It is on the return downhill, with 2nd gear selected and a light application on the brakes, that the drivetrain’s characterful whine is most noticeable. In the distant past, I suppose drivers were only too happy not to have to walk to their destination, and this mechanical noise was possibly preferable to the sound of a horse’s hooves. These are pretty much my thoughts every time I get behind the wheel of this 1913 Benz 10/30hp, a car produced a good 13 years before Daimler-Benz was officially founded.
The delight’s in the details
As I sit behind the wheel, I ask the owner about the gauges and controls. These include a speedometer on the far left, illuminated by a neat lamp at night. The centre of the steering wheel hosts a throttle lever, fulfilling a similar function to the cruise control system of modern cars. You can even increase your speed by turning this lever in a clockwise direction. Each of these controls is made from brass or copper, and for a moment I cannot help but think of the bridge of the RMS Titanic.
After all, that majestic ship collided with an iceberg a year before this Benz 10/30hp rolled off the production line. It is important to remember that this was an era when the manufacturing of motorcars was not as complicated as it is now.
Unlike today, when manufacturing is mostly done by massive global companies, during the first few decades of automotive manufacturing, there were around 4 000 different companies (and individuals) who tried their hand at the business of building cars. The year 1913 was also the last year companies and countries could focus fully on motor manufacturing before the start of World War 1 in 1914.
Following the onset of the war, both Benz and Mercedes would change their focus to building military vehicles and aeroplane engines.
It is also understandable why these early cars were still frowned upon by the general public. Firstly, they made a lot of noise, and if you were used to the relaxing, clip-clop soundtrack of horse riding, the noise pollution of these cars could easily disrupt an entire village upon its arrival.
Indeed, this is the first motorcar I’ve driven in which I can truly sense the historical connection with a horse-drawn vehicle. Although the cloth roof is in place, when it is removed the car closely resemblances a carriage.
Walk around this Benz and the details grab your attention, such as the little brass light at the rear illuminating the numberplate, the copper(!) exhaust pipe, and a fuel tank that is there for everyone to see. There is even beading between the rear wheelarches and the bodywork of the cabin.
The two spare tyres are positioned next to the driver, and the wheels have so many spokes I don’t even want to contemplate counting them – or cleaning them!
Brass grand
At the front, the angled radiator (no grille in front of it) was a well-known Benz feature at the time. The headlights are situated above the single spotlight and the hooter. If you feel brave, you can still start the engine manually by using the crank handle. Fortunately, this car’s owner has added an electrical system, which connects a button next to the steering wheel with the engine. Thus equipped, it only takes a push of this switch to start the car.
Don’t forget the toolbox attached to the side steps. In it, you’ll find a comically big spanner, required to loosen or fasten the centre-wheel nut. Rear-seated passengers can easily stretch out without touching the front seats, although comfort is somewhat hindered by the breeze that whips around the cabin when the roof is lowered.
From auction to junkyard to cherished possession
The owner of this car is a passionate Mercedes-Benz collector. He bought this 1913 Benz at an automotive auction in 2000. There were obviously several other interesting cars on offer, but the owner had his heart set on this specific example. Fortunately, the car was basically in the condition you see on these pages.
That’s not always been the case, however. Although it has lived in South Africa since the 1930s, it was at one stage in pieces scattered around a yard. Thankfully, 2 enthusiasts found and rebuilt it.
Over the years, a few things have needed attention. The cloth roof was overhauled, and so was the 2.6-litre, 4-cylinder engine. The latter work is evident from the way the 2-valve motor idles perfectly while I chat to the owner. For a car that’s more than a century old, it is in exceptional condition.
The Benz 10/30hp: Battle-scarred but not beaten
There is an interesting twist to the early life of this Benz. On the left-hand side of the car, there is a brass plate showing that the body was manufactured by Carosserie H. Buhne in Berlin. After some research, the owner discovered that this company was founded only after World War 1. This means that the body of this car was redone after it left Benz in 1913.
Could it be that the car might have been used during the War and needed refurbishment afterwards? And to whom did it belong? Questions without answers…
The plaque may also explain why this particular car has only a single door, while other similar models featured 3 doors, meaning the driver must enter the Benz via the front passenger side. Hardly an ideal 1st date car, then.
A Benz 10/30hp reborn
As we head back to the owner’s residence, I’m slightly more relaxed and have time to focus on the quality of the ride. With such a narrow wheel and tyre combination (815×105 6 ply tyres front and rear), I expected a bumpy and choppy ride, but that is not the case. The leaf-sprung suspension absorbs some bumps better than I had anticipated.
Once the car is moving, it can be steered easily by means of the thick-rimmed, wooden steering wheel. Parking at low speed without assistance is a different matter, however. Fortunately for drivers in the first half of the 20th century, 3-point turns and parallel parking were not as prevalent as they are today. At higher speeds, the steering loads up away from centre.
Brake, braaake!
This car’s owner regularly takes the Benz on runs of more than 70 km taking the best part of a morning to complete. The challenge is managing the car’s speed, particularly when going downhill, as there are only drum brakes at the rear and no brakes up front!
It is understandable why, for some enthusiasts, a car such as this 1913 Benz 10/30hp might seem slightly less appealing than Mercedes’ later creations.
After all, the cars from the 1920s and ’30s are more practical and usually require less effort to drive. However, the rarity factor is definitely part of this car’s appeal. One 10/30hp model, which was restored, came up for sale a few years ago at the prestigious Auto Salon Singen showroom on the border between Germany and Switzerland. The price was a substantial €259 000.
Experiencing the 10/30hp: How times have changed!
High value aside, piloting this car was such an illuminating experience. It comes from a time when people still needed to fully grasp the concept of a self-powered carriage. It was a time when no one could have predicted the future of these remarkable vehicles. A time when driving a road car required great physical exertion – actions that are unlikely ever to be needed again.
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